Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary UPSC
The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is located in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It comprises two oxbow lakes called Parvati Tal and Arga Tal, which were formed when the Saryu River changed its course. The sanctuary was declared a bird sanctuary in 1990, and later recognized as a Ramsar site in 2019, emphasizing its ecological importance.
The sanctuary covers an area of 10.84 square kilometers and provides a designated space for birds to nest, breed, and find food. It offers a protected environment for various avian species and contributes to their conservation.
The fauna within the Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary consists of a diverse range of species. Mammals such as deer, wild boars, jackals, and smaller mammals can be found, along with numerous bird species, both resident and migratory. Reptiles and amphibians, including turtles, snakes, lizards, and frogs, contribute to the sanctuary's biodiversity.
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Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Location
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is located in the Gonda district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is about 45 Km. from Gonda at Mankapur-Nawabganj Road and Mankapur-Faizabad Railway Line.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport to Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is the Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport (also known as Lucknow Airport), located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. It is approximately 150 kilometers away from the sanctuary. From the airport, you can hire a taxi or use public transportation to reach the sanctuary.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:
The nearest railway station to Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is the Gonda Junction Railway Station. It is approximately 45 kilometers away from the sanctuary. From the railway station, you can hire a taxi or use local transportation to reach the sanctuary.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary History
Fisheries Department: Before its designation as a bird sanctuary, Parvati Arga was under the administration of the Fisheries Department. The area likely had a focus on fisheries-related activities and management.
Declaration as a Bird Sanctuary: On 23 May 1990, Parvati Arga was officially declared a bird sanctuary. This designation signifies its importance as a protected area for various bird species. The sanctuary aims to provide a suitable habitat for birds, promote conservation efforts, and facilitate research and observation.
Ramsar Site Designation: In 2019, Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary received the prestigious recognition of being declared a Ramsar site. Ramsar sites are wetlands of international importance, recognized under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. This designation highlights the sanctuary's ecological significance and emphasizes the need for its conservation and sustainable management.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Area
The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is spread over an area of 10.84 sq km. The size of a bird sanctuary or any protected area is significant as it determines the available space and habitat for bird species.
The 10.84 sq km area of Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary provides a designated space for avian species to nest, breed, rest, and find food without disturbance from human activities. It serves as a protected haven for birds and contributes to their conservation and overall ecosystem health.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Lake
The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary encompasses two oxbow lakes called Parvati Tal and Arga Tal, which are located approximately 1.5 kilometers apart. These lakes were formed when the Saryu River changed its course, leaving these water bodies as remnants in its old flow path.
Parvati Tal and Arga Tal are rain-fed lakes that exist within a naturally deep depression in the Gangetic plains of the terai region. The combined area of these lakes covers 1,084 hectares, providing a significant habitat for various bird species.
The Parvati Arga Sanctuary was established in 1990 to protect and preserve the unique ecosystem surrounding these lakes. As a designated sanctuary, it offers a safe haven for birds and promotes conservation efforts in the region.
Oxbow lake:
Oxbow lakes are formed when a meandering river creates a loop-like bend, and over time, the river's course changes, cutting off the loop and leaving behind a crescent-shaped lake. These lakes often possess unique ecological characteristics and serve as vital habitats for a variety of bird species and other aquatic wildlife.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Flora
The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is known for its diverse flora, which contributes to the overall ecosystem and provides a suitable habitat for various bird species.
(1) Aquatic Plants:
Oxbow lakes typically support a variety of aquatic plants. These can include floating plants like water lilies and lotus, submerged plants like Vallisneria and Hydrilla, and emergent plants like cattails and bulrushes. These plants play a vital role in maintaining water quality, providing food sources, and creating habitats for birds and aquatic organisms.
(2) Wetland Grasses and Rushes:
Grasses and rushes present along the shores of the lakes. These include species like common reed (Phragmites), marsh grasses, and sedges. They help stabilize the soil, offer nesting sites for birds, and provide cover and foraging opportunities.
(3) Riparian Trees and Shrubs:
Vegetation along the banks of the lakes consist of riparian trees and shrubs. Species such as willows, alders, and other wetland-adapted trees found. These trees offer shade, nesting sites, and perching spots for birds.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Fauna (Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Animals)
The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is home to a diverse range of fauna, including various bird species and other wildlife.
Mammals:
Bird sanctuaries can also support a diverse mammalian population. Common mammals found in such ecosystems include deer, wild boars, jackals, foxes, and smaller mammals like squirrels and rodents. Predators such as foxes and jackals present to maintain a balance in the ecosystem.
Birds:
Some major local migratory and residential birds are-
- Sarus Crane
- Painted Stork
- Indian Peafowl
- White Ibis
- Little Grebe
- Fulvous Whistling Duck
- Asian Openbill
- White-necked Stork
- Pheasant-tailed Jacana
- Bronze Winged Jacana
- Grey-headed Swamphen
- Northern Lapwing
- Black Drongo
- Indian Roller
Some of the major migratory birds during the season are-
- Greylag Goose
- Northern Pintail
- Cotton Teal
- Red-crested Pochard
- Gadwall
- Northern Shoveler
- Eurasian Coot
- Mallard
Reptiles:
Wetland habitats often provide suitable conditions for reptiles and amphibians. You might encounter species such as turtles, snakes, lizards, and frogs. Marshy areas and water bodies attract various amphibian species, which contribute to the overall biodiversity of the sanctuary.
Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary UPSC Questions
Q. Where is Parvati Agra Bird Sanctuary?
A. Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is located in the Gonda district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
Q. Which river is Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary?
A. The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary includes two oxbow lakes known as Parvati Tal and Arga Tal. These lakes were formed due to the changing course of the Saryu River, leaving behind these water bodies as remnants of its previous flow path. Parvati Tal and Arga Tal are situated approximately 1.5 kilometers apart from each other.
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