Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC (Wildlife Sanctuary in Delhi)

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in Delhi, India. The sanctuary is named after two villages: Asola and Bhatti.

The sanctuary serves as a vital ecological corridor between the Aravalli hill range and the Indo-Gangetic Plains. It is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, making it an important hotspot for biodiversity conservation within the urban landscape of Delhi.

The sanctuary is a haven for birdwatchers, hosting a variety of avian species, including peafowls, Indian silverbills, spotted owlets, Indian robins, parakeets, and hoopoes.

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary offers opportunities for nature enthusiasts, birdwatchers, and researchers to study and appreciate the natural environment. There are several trails and walking paths within the sanctuary that allow visitors to explore its diverse habitats, including dry scrub forests, rocky terrain, and seasonal water bodies.

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the southern part of Delhi, India. It is situated on the Southern Delhi Ridge of Aravalli hill range on Delhi-Haryana border.

How to reach Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary?

1. Nearest Airport:

 Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi is the nearest major airport to Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located approximately 15-20 kilometers away from the sanctuary, and travel time can vary depending on traffic conditions.

2. Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest major railway station is Hazrat Nizamuddin Railway Station in New Delhi. It is located at a distance of about 20-25 kilometers from the sanctuary, and travel time can vary based on traffic.

3. Nearest Metro Station:

The nearest metro station to Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is the Badarpur Metro Station, which is part of the Delhi Metro's Violet Line. The sanctuary is located at a relatively short distance from the metro station.

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary History

The Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary has a history that reflects its transformation from a mining site to a protected area for wildlife conservation. Here's a brief overview of its history:

1. Mining and Quarrying: The area that is now the Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary was historically used for mining and quarrying activities, which led to the extraction of minerals and construction materials. These activities had a significant impact on the natural landscape and ecology of the region.

2. Ecological Concerns: Over time, concerns arose about the environmental degradation caused by mining and the loss of natural habitats for wildlife. The need to conserve the region's biodiversity and restore its ecological balance became apparent.

3. Creation of a Protected Area: In response to these concerns, the Government of Delhi took steps to protect and rehabilitate the area. In 1986, the Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary was established to conserve the unique ecosystem of the region and provide a refuge for various species of flora and fauna.

4. Biodiversity Importance: The sanctuary's location on the southern edge of Delhi, adjacent to the Aravalli hills, makes it an important corridor for wildlife movement between the hills and the plains. It provides a vital refuge for many plant and animal species that are adapted to this unique ecosystem.

5. Eco-sensitive Zone Declaration: Recognizing the importance of safeguarding the delicate balance of the Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary and its surrounding areas, the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) took a crucial step in declaring an eco-sensitive zone around the sanctuary. In an effort to extend the conservation impact beyond the sanctuary's boundaries, an area of approximately 1 kilometer around the sanctuary, spanning across Gurugram and Faridabad, was designated as an eco-sensitive zone.

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of about 32.71 square kilometers (12.62 square miles). This protected area is characterized by its diverse habitats, including dry scrub forests, rocky terrains, and seasonal water bodies, making it an important hotspot for biodiversity conservation within the urban landscape of Delhi.

It is a part of the Sariska-Delhi Wildlife Corridor, which runs from the Sariska Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan to Delhi Ridge.

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary Hills

The Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is situated on the southern edge of the Aravalli hill range, which is one of the oldest mountain ranges in India. The sanctuary encompasses a portion of these hills, contributing to its diverse ecosystem and providing a vital corridor for wildlife movement between the hills and the plains.

The sanctuary's location adjacent to the Aravalli hills provides a vital wildlife corridor, allowing animals to move between the hills and the surrounding plains. This connectivity is essential for maintaining genetic diversity, facilitating species migration, and ensuring the long-term survival of various wildlife species.

Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Union Territory of Chandigarh, India. It is situated approximately 1 kilometer in the North-East of Sukhna Lake.

The sanctuary was established primarily to conserve the ecological balance of the region, control soil erosion from the Shivalik hills, and protect the diverse flora and fauna that inhabit the area.

The sanctuary has been subject to various soil and water conservation measures, including the construction of check dams, afforestation, and engineering methods to reduce soil erosion from the Shivalik hills.

Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Sivalik Hills of Chandigarh, India, near Sukhna Lake. It is situated approximately 1 kilometer in the North-East of Sukhna Lake. 

Nearest Airport:

Chandigarh Airport is the closest airport to Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in Chandigarh, which is the capital city of the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana. The airport serves both domestic and limited international flights.

Nearest Railway Station:

Chandigarh Railway Station is the nearest major railway station. It is well-connected to various cities across India through the Indian Railways network.

Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary History

The Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary's history is closely linked to the establishment and conservation efforts of the Sukhna Lake catchment area and its surroundings. Here's a brief overview of the sanctuary's history based on the information you provided:

1. Construction of Sukhna Lake: Sukhna Lake, a rain-fed lake located within Chandigarh, was constructed in 1958. However, in the years following its construction, it became apparent that the lake was experiencing significant siltation due to soil erosion from its catchment area in the Shivalik hills.

2. High Siltation Rate: In the 1970s, it was observed that the siltation rate of Sukhna Lake was quite high due to heavy soil erosion in its catchment area. This erosion was attributed to the ecologically sensitive and geologically unstable nature of the Shivalik hills. By the year 1988, the lake had lost 66 percent of its original water holding capacity due to siltation, which impacted its functionality and ecological balance.

3. Soil Erosion Control Measures: To address the issue of soil erosion and siltation, the Forest Department of Chandigarh adopted a series of engineering and vegetative techniques. These measures aimed to minimize and control soil erosion from the hilly catchment area, which was prone to erosion during rainfall. Engineering methods included constructing check dams, retention dams, brushwood structures, revetments, and spurs. Additionally, regular desilting of water bodies and appropriate disposal of the silt were undertaken as part of conservation efforts.

4. Afforestation and Habitat Development: A crucial step in soil conservation was massive afforestation efforts. Extensive tree planting and vegetation restoration were carried out, which led to the development of a dense forest area in the hilly catchment region. This forested area created an ideal habitat for a wide variety of fauna.

5. Formation of Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary: As a result of the successful soil conservation measures, coupled with substantial afforestation and the development of a thriving forest habitat, the area was officially designated as the "Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary" in 1998. This designation aimed to protect and conserve the diverse flora and fauna that had established themselves in the rejuvenated ecosystem.

6. Eco-sensitive Zone: In 2017, the Chandigarh administration had notified to leave a 2-to-2.75-kilometre radius from the Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary as eco-sensitive zone.

Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 2600 hectares, which is equivalent to over 6400 acres. It is a significant nature preserve that serves as a habitat for a diverse range of flora and fauna, contributing to the conservation of the local ecosystem.

This area is ecologically sensitive and prone to soil erosion, making it important for conservation efforts.

Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary Hills

The Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Sivalik Hills of Chandigarh, India. The Sivalik Hills are a range of low mountains and foothills that extend across northern India, including parts of the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Haryana. 

Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary loacted in the state of Haryana, India. The sanctuary is named after the Nahar Village (Nahad village).

The Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary is significant for its role in conserving the Black Buck and other endangered species. It is also notable for its efforts in wildlife protection and education, including the construction of a protection center and the release of rescued animals back into the sanctuary.

The sanctuary's location near Rewari and its proximity to Delhi make it accessible by train, with the nearest railway station being Tehsil Kosli, about 6 km away from the sanctuary.

Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Rewari district of Haryana, India. It is situated in the Kosli Subdivision and is about 5 kilometers away from Kosli on the Kosli-Mahendragarh road. 

The sanctuary is approximately 36.9 kilometers from Rewari and around 100 kilometers from Delhi via Jhajjar. 

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary is the Indira Gandhi International Airport (DEL) in Delhi, which is approximately 100 kilometers away. From the airport, you can travel by road to reach the sanctuary.

Nearest Railway Station:

As for the nearest railway station, it is Tehsil Kosli Railway Station, which is about 6 kilometers away from Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary. This railway station provides a convenient option for those traveling by train to reach the sanctuary.

Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary History

The Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary, located in the Rewari district of Haryana, India, has a history that reflects its transformation from a pastured land to a protected habitat for wildlife. Here's an overview of its history:

1. Origin as Pasture Land: The sanctuary's history dates back to a time when it was used as pasture land for the Nawab of Dujana. This area served as grazing grounds for animals and likely had limited human interference, contributing to its suitability as a wildlife habitat.

2. Reserve Forest Management: Before its designation as a wildlife sanctuary, the area was managed as a Reserve Forest. This suggests that there were efforts to protect and manage the natural vegetation and wildlife within the region even before it gained formal recognition as a sanctuary.

3. Declaration as Wildlife Sanctuary: The Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary was officially declared a Wildlife Sanctuary by the Forests Department of the Government of Haryana on 30 January 1987. This formal designation granted legal protection to the area and its biodiversity, prohibiting certain human activities that could harm the flora and fauna.

4. Infrastructure Development: The construction of a protection center within the sanctuary in the year 2012-13 indicates a commitment to providing facilities for the protection, care, and rehabilitation of wildlife. The establishment of such facilities demonstrates ongoing efforts to enhance the sanctuary's capabilities for wildlife conservation.

Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 211.35 hectares, which is equivalent to about 522 acres (2.1 km2). This area serves as a protected habitat for various wildlife species, including the endangered Black Buck and other fauna.

Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the state of Haryana state, India. Situated in the Shivalik hills, the Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is characterized by its diverse topography, ranging from hills and valleys to forests and grasslands. This varied landscape supports a rich and varied array of flora and fauna.

Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Panchkula district of Haryana state, India. It is situated approximately 0.5 kilometers (0.31 miles) away from Panchkula on the Morni Road.

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is the Chandigarh International Airport. It is the main airport serving the city of Chandigarh and the surrounding region, including Panchkula. The distance between the Chandigarh Airport and Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is approximately 28-30 kilometers (about 17-19 miles) by road.

Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest railway station to Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is the Chandigarh Railway Station. It is a major railway station in the region and is well-connected to various cities and towns across India. The distance between the Chandigarh Railway Station and Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is also around 28-30 kilometers (about 17-19 miles) by road.

Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary History

1. Establishment as a Wildlife Sanctuary: The Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary was formally established as a wildlife sanctuary on December 10, 2004. This designation marked the recognition of the area's ecological significance and the need to conserve its diverse range of flora and fauna.

2. Creation of an Eco-Sensitive Zone: In addition to the sanctuary itself, an eco-sensitive zone was established around the Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary. Encompassing an area of 1320 hectares, this buffer zone serves as an additional protective measure to safeguard the sanctuary's ecosystems and provide a buffer against potential external threats. The creation of the eco-sensitive zone reflects a proactive approach to holistic conservation, ensuring that the sanctuary's integrity is maintained and the surrounding environment is also preserved.

3. Collaboration with Nearby Protected Areas: The sanctuary's proximity to other protected areas, such as Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary and Kalesar National Park, plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological connectivity. Collaborative efforts among these protected areas may include coordinated conservation strategies, research, and wildlife corridor development to support the movement of wildlife between these habitats.

Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over an area of 4883 hectares. This area includes two separate parts: 2226.58 hectares and 2656.38 hectares. Additionally, there is an eco-sensitive zone of 1320 hectares around the sanctuary. 

Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary Hills

The Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary is nestled within the picturesque landscape of the Shivalik hills in the Panchkula district of Haryana, India. These hills provide the sanctuary with a diverse range of habitats and elevations, creating a dynamic and vibrant ecosystem. The sanctuary's location within the Shivalik hills contributes to its ecological significance and underscores its role as a haven for a variety of plant and animal species.

The Shivalik hills are part of the Himalayan foothills and are characterized by their gently sloping terrain, lush forests, and diverse vegetation. The hills offer a range of microhabitats, from dense woodlands to open grasslands, each supporting its own unique flora and fauna.

Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Haryana, India. It is known for its rich biodiversity, particularly its avian population. 

Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary is renowned for being a habitat for various bird species, both resident and migratory. It supports a wide range of avifauna, including waterfowl, waders, raptors, and passerine birds.

The sanctuary is part of an ecological corridor along the Sahibi River, which facilitates the movement of wildlife and helps maintain connectivity between different habitats.

Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Jhajjar district of Haryana, India. The adjacent villages to the Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary are Khaparwas, Bhindawas, Chandol, Dhakla, and Surehti.

It is situated about 80 kilometers (50 miles) west of Delhi. The sanctuary lies 5 kilometers northwest of the Bhindawas Bird Sanctuary and 46 kilometers northwest of Sultanpur National Park via road.

Nearest Airport:

The Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi is the closest major airport to the Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary. It is approximately 80 kilometers (50 miles) east of the sanctuary.

Nearest Railway Station:

The Bahadurgarh Railway Station is one of the nearest railway stations to the Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in the town of Bahadurgarh, which is about 30 kilometers (18.6 miles) east of the sanctuary.

Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary History

On January 30, 1987, the Forests Department of the Government of Haryana officially declared the Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary as a protected area. This designation aimed to provide a safe habitat for various wildlife species, particularly birds, and to conserve the natural ecosystems present in the region.

Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 82.70 hectares. The sanctuary's relatively small size reflects its role in providing a specific habitat for wildlife and contributing to the broader ecological corridor in the region.

Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary River

The Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary is an important part of the ecological corridor along the route of the Sahibi River. The Sahibi River traverses from the Aravalli hills in Rajasthan to the Yamuna River via various conservation areas, including the Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary. 

The presence of the Sahibi River contributes to the availability of water sources within the sanctuary, supporting the diverse wildlife and bird species that inhabit the area.

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Haryana, India. It is also known as Seonthi Reserve Forest. It is known for its significance in bird conservation and for providing a habitat for various plant and animal species.

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary is recognized as a bird sanctuary, indicating its importance as a habitat for a wide variety of bird species. It serves as a crucial stopover and wintering ground for both resident and migratory birds, making it a destination for birdwatchers and ornithologists.

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary is located near Kurukshetra University in Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana. The Chhilchhila Sanctuary is located in a depression which has a small lake created by an embankment.

Baba Rodanath Dera temple is on the periphery of the Chhilchhila Sanctuary.

Nearest Airport:

Chandigarh International Airport is the nearest major airport to Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in Chandigarh, which is the capital city of the neighboring state of Punjab. The airport is approximately 100-110 kilometers away from the sanctuary, and it serves as a gateway for air travel to the region.

Nearest Railway Station:

Yamunanagar-Jagadhri Railway Station is the nearest railway station to Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary. It is situated in the city of Yamunanagar, which is relatively close to the sanctuary. The railway station is approximately 20-30 kilometers away from the sanctuary.

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary History

1. Establishment: In a significant step towards conservation, Chhilchhila Lake was officially declared a Bird Sanctuary on November 28, 1986. This designation, made under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, showcases the area's vital role in safeguarding avian species and their habitats.

2. Eco-sensitive Zone: Recognizing the importance of maintaining the ecological balance, a protective buffer zone has been established around Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary. The intention behind this measure is to mitigate human impact and ensure the continued flourishing of wildlife and ecosystems within and beyond the sanctuary's borders.

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary Area

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary encompasses an area of approximately 0.29 square kilometers, making it a compact yet valuable hub of biodiversity. Despite its limited size, the sanctuary supports a diverse range of flora and fauna, showcasing the resilience of nature. It serves as a haven for bird enthusiasts, offering a unique ecosystem that attracts various bird species. 

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the state of Haryana, India. The sanctuary is situated in the Shivalik hills, a range of foothills of the Himalayas. It is known for its diverse flora and fauna and serves as a habitat for various wildlife species.

The sanctuary houses the Jatayu Conservation and Breeding Centre (JCBC), which focuses on the conservation and breeding of vulture species. This effort is vital for the survival of these scavengers.

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary's proximity to urban centers like Chandigarh, Panchkula, and Pinjore makes it accessible for visitors interested in nature and wildlife experiences.

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary Location

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Panchkula district of Haryana state, India. It is located in the Shivalik hills of Haryana, specifically in the foothills of the Himalayas. 

The sanctuary is approximately 8 kilometers away from Pinjore on the Pinjor-Mallah Road, 10 kilometers from Kalka, 20 kilometers from Panchkula, 30 kilometers from Chandigarh, and 20 kilometers from Morni Hill station. 

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary is the Chandigarh International Airport, which is located approximately 30 kilometers (19 miles) away. From the airport, you can travel by road to reach the sanctuary.

Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest railway station to Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary is the Kalka Railway Station, located about 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) away. Kalka is well-connected to various major cities and towns in India. From Kalka Railway Station, you can continue your journey to the sanctuary by road.

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary History

The history of Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary in the Panchkula district of Haryana, India, dates back to its establishment as a protected area and its subsequent conservation efforts. Here's an overview of its history:

1. Establishment and Notification: Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary was officially notified as a Wildlife Sanctuary by the Forests Department, Government of Haryana, on May 29, 1987. This formal designation marked the beginning of its protected status.

2. Eco-sensitive Zone Declaration: In 2009, the Government of India declared Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary as an Eco-sensitive Zone (ESZ). This designation aimed to prevent development within a 5-kilometer radius of the sanctuary, further contributing to its conservation efforts and maintaining its natural environment.

3. Vulture Conservation: The sanctuary is notable for housing the Jatayu Conservation and Breeding Centre (JCBC), which is dedicated to the conservation and breeding of vulture species. Vultures are critically endangered and face numerous threats, including habitat loss and poisoning from feeding on carcasses containing veterinary drugs. The center's efforts contribute to the recovery of these important scavengers.

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary Area

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 767.30 hectares (1,896) acres. This area is dedicated to the conservation of diverse flora and fauna within the sanctuary's boundaries. 

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary Hills

Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Shivalik hills of the Panchkula district in Haryana, India. The Shivalik hills are a range of foothills of the Himalayas and extend across several states in northern India. These hills are characterized by their rolling terrain, lush greenery, and rich biodiversity.

The sanctuary's location in the Shivalik hills adds to its natural beauty and ecological significance. The hilly terrain provides varied habitats for a diverse range of flora and fauna. The elevation and topography of the hills contribute to the sanctuary's appeal as a protected area for wildlife conservation and eco-tourism.

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC (Bhindawas Bird Sanctuary)

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the state of Haryana, India. The sanctuary is situated around the Bhindawas Lake, which is a prominent water body attracting a variety of bird species.

It is one of the important bird habitats in the region and is known for its diverse avian population, particularly migratory birds. More than 30,000 variety of migratory birds belonging to over 250 species and resident birds visit Bhindawas Bird Sanctuary through the year.

The sanctuary plays a significant role in conserving wetland ecosystems and providing a safe habitat for wildlife. It contributes to the overall biodiversity of the region and helps maintain ecological balance.

The sanctuary's location relatively close to urban centers like Delhi makes it accessible for day trips and nature excursions, attracting both local and distant visitors.

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary Location

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Jhajjar district of the state of Haryana, India. It is approximately 15 kilometers away from the town of Jhajjar and about 75 kilometers southwest of the national capital, New Delhi. The sanctuary is located just 1.5 km from Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary.

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary is the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi, which is approximately 75 kilometers away.

Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest railway station to Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary is the Jhajjar Railway Station, which is situated in the town of Jhajjar itself. It is well-connected to other major railway stations in the region.

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary History

1. Establishment as a Wildlife Sanctuary:

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary was officially designated as a Wildlife Sanctuary by the Forests Department, Government of Haryana. This significant step towards conservation took place on 5 July 1985, when an area covering 411.55 hectares was accorded official sanctuary status.

2. Bird Sanctuary Declaration:

Building on its conservation importance, Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary received further recognition on 3 June 2009. The Indian Government declared it as a bird sanctuary, underscoring its vital role in providing a habitat for a diverse range of avian species.

3. Eco-Sensitive Zone Designation:

In 2011, Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary received another layer of protection and conservation recognition. The Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change designated it as an Eco-sensitive zone. This recognition reflects the sanctuary's ecological significance and the need to safeguard its natural resources and habitats.

4. Ramsar Site Designation:

A significant milestone in Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary's conservation journey occurred on 25 May 2021. The site was designated as a Ramsar site, highlighting its international importance as a wetland habitat. This recognition underscores the sanctuary's role in supporting biodiversity, particularly its significance as a habitat for numerous bird species and its contribution to global conservation efforts.

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary Area

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary encompasses an area of approximately 4.12 square kilometers (or 412 hectares). This relatively compact yet ecologically significant space is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including various bird species and other wildlife. 

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary River

Sahibi River  flow through Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary. The Sahibi River is a seasonal river in northern India that flows through the states of Haryana and Rajasthan. It originates in the Aravalli Range in Rajasthan and travels through Haryana before eventually merging with the Yamuna River.

The river is relatively small and its flow is largely dependent on monsoon rainfall. During the monsoon season, the Sahibi River carries water and can contribute to the water table in the region. However, outside of the monsoon period, the river may become dry or have minimal flow.

Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Punjab, India. It is situated in the Shivalik range of the Himalayas.

Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its mixed deciduous forests that provide habitat to a rich variety of flora and fauna. The sanctuary is home to various mammal species, including deer such as sambar, hog deer, and barking deer, as well as jungle cats, jackals, leopards, wild boars, and more.

The avian diversity in the sanctuary is noteworthy, with around 86 species of birds recorded. These include both resident and migratory bird species, making it an appealing destination for birdwatchers.

The sanctuary's establishment highlights efforts toward wildlife conservation in the Shivalik hills region. It offers visitors a chance to experience the natural beauty of the area and learn about the importance of preserving and protecting biodiversity.

Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary is located near the city of Hoshiarpur in the state of Punjab, India. It is situated in the Shivalik range of the Himalayas. The sanctuary is about 20 kilometers from Hoshiarpur city. 

The sanctuary is distributed more or less equally between the two villages that make up its name – Takhni and Rehmapur.

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to the Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary is the Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport (also known as Amritsar Airport) in Amritsar, Punjab, India. This airport is located approximately 150-160 kilometers away from Hoshiarpur, where the sanctuary is located.

Nearest Railway Station:

For the nearest railway station, the Hoshiarpur Railway Station serves the city of Hoshiarpur and is likely to be the closest option. 

Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary History

The Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary, located near Hoshiarpur in the state of Punjab, India, has a history rooted in the conservation efforts and recognition of the region's natural biodiversity. Here is a brief overview of its history based on the information you provided:

1. Early Recognition and Request: In 1992, during a wildlife week celebration in Mahilpur, the Deputy Commissioner of Hoshiarpur expressed the idea of creating a wildlife sanctuary in the lower Shivalik region of Punjab. This region, including Hoshiarpur, contains diverse and relatively untouched pockets of forests rich in wildlife.

2. Efforts and Persistence: Following the Deputy Commissioner's request, the Forests and Wildlife Preservation Department of Punjab pursued the idea of establishing a wildlife sanctuary in the area. The department recognized the significance of the region's biodiversity and its potential as a protected habitat for various species.

3. Selection and Declaration: As a result of continuous efforts, the Government Protected Forests of the villages Takhni and Rehmapur, which border the state of Himachal Pradesh, were selected as the location for the proposed wildlife sanctuary. After careful consideration and evaluation, the Punjab Government declared the Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary as a protected area.

4. Official Declaration: On June 8, 1999, the Punjab Government officially notified the declaration of the Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary through a government notification (Punjab Government Notification No. 34/10/99-FT/IV/7/82). This notification marked the formal establishment of the sanctuary, recognizing its importance for wildlife conservation and biodiversity preservation.

Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 382 hectares (3.82 km2) and is distributed equally between the villages of Takhni and Rehmapur.

Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary Hills

The Takhni Rehmapur Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Shivalik hills of the Himalayan range. The Shivalik hills are the southernmost range of the Himalayas and extend across several states in northern India, including Punjab. The sanctuary is situated within these hills, which contribute to the diverse terrain and habitat found within the protected area.

Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the state of Punjab, India. It is nestled in the foothills of the Shiwalik range and is known for its diverse ecosystem, including various flora and fauna. 

The sanctuary boasts a range of plant and animal species, contributing to its ecological richness. It is home to various mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians, making it a biodiversity hotspot.

The sanctuary serves as a critical habitat for numerous bird species, both resident and migratory. It is particularly known for providing refuge to migratory birds during their seasonal journeys.

Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the city of Nangal, in the district of Rupnagar (also known as Ropar) in the state of Punjab, India. It is situated in the foothills of the Shiwalik range and is adjacent to the Nangal Dam and the Nangal Wetland. 

Nearest Airport:

Chandigarh International Airport is the nearest airport to Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary. Distance from Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary is pproximately 84 kilometers (52 miles) via road.

Nearest Railway Station:

Nangal Dam Railway Station is the nearest railway station to Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary. The railway station is located in close proximity to Nangal.

Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary History

1. Diplomatic Milestone: The Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary stands as a witness to a momentous diplomatic event. In 1954, the sanctuary gained historic importance as it became the venue where the Indian and Chinese Prime Ministers formalized the "Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence." This diplomatic accord laid the foundation for peaceful relations and cooperation between the two nations.

2. Formation of Nangal Dam and Reservoir: A pivotal development in the sanctuary's history occurred in 1961 with the construction of the Nangal Dam, a prominent component of the Bhakra-Nangal Project. This dam, located on the Sutlej River, led to the creation of the Nangal Wetland within the sanctuary's boundaries. The reservoir formed by the dam played a crucial role in shaping the sanctuary's unique ecosystem.

3. Protected Forest Area: In the 1960s, a significant step was taken towards the conservation of the Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary. The forest area encompassing villages such as Brari, Hambewal, Bhabor Sahib, Dabheta, Talaura (Talwara), Khera Bhagh, and Swamipur Bagh was declared a Protected Forest. This declaration, made under the Punjab Government's Notification No. 2793-Ft(VII) 64/2415 dated 28/05/1964, laid the groundwork for the establishment of the sanctuary.

4. Establishment of Sanctuary: Amidst its historical significance, the Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary was formally established on 10th August 2009. This official declaration marked a pivotal step in the sanctuary's conservation journey, solidifying its role as a protected area dedicated to preserving both its rich biodiversity and its unique historical heritage.

5. Ramsar Recognition: In a landmark event on September 26, 2019, the Nangal Wetland achieved international recognition by being designated as a Ramsar Site (Ramsar Site No. 2407). This prestigious acknowledgment underscored the wetland's profound ecological importance. 

Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary covers an approximate area of 2.90 km2. This area includes a mix of land and water, with a significant portion of it being the Nangal Dam reservoir, also known as the Nangal Wetland. This diverse landscape makes the sanctuary an important habitat for various flora and fauna, including numerous bird species, mammals, and aquatic life.

Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary River

The Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary is situated near the Sutlej River. The Sutlej River is one of the major rivers in the northern part of India and plays a significant role in shaping the ecosystem of the sanctuary. 

The Nangal Dam, constructed on the Sutlej River, has created the Nangal Wetland within the sanctuary, contributing to the unique habitat and biodiversity of the area.

Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Kathlour-Kushalia Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Punjab, India.

Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary is located on the new bypass of the Amritsar–Jammu Highway in Tehsil Pathankot of District Pathankot in Punjab, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ravi River. 

The sanctuary encompasses portions of Village Kushalia and Village Kathlour, along with adjoining areas of Rajpur, Bahadurpur, and Jaswa.

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary is the "Pathankot Airport" (also known as Pathankot Domestic Airport or Kangra Airport) which is located approximately 60-70 kilometers away, depending on the route taken.

Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest major railway station to Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary is the "Pathankot Junction Railway Station," which is located at a distance of about 20-25 kilometers, depending on the route taken.

Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary History

1. Establishment as a Wildlife Sanctuary: The Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary was officially established as a protected area through the Punjab Government Notification No. 34/13/2007/Ft-V/6133 dated 28.06.2007. This significant step marked its recognition as a designated wildlife sanctuary.

2. Declaration of Eco-Sensitive Zone: On December 27, 2016, a significant step was taken with Notification No. 4204 (E), which pertains to the declaration of an Eco-Sensitive Zone. This designation aimed to regulate human activities within the sanctuary's vicinity to ensure the preservation of its natural environment.

Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary covers an expansive area of 1896 acres. Of this, 346 acres belong to Village Kushalia and 1550 acres belong to village Kathlour and adjoining villages Rajpur, Bahadurpur, and Jaswa.

Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary River

The Kathlour Wildlife Sanctuary is situated along the banks of the river Ravi. The presence of the river Ravi enhances the biodiversity and ecological significance of the sanctuary by providing water sources and creating a diverse habitat for various plant and animal species. 

Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

The Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Punjab, India. This sanctuary offers a habitat for diverse wildlife species including Sambar deer, Barking Deer, and potentially migratory Leopards. 

Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary id located in the Government forest area of District Rupnagar, Punjab, India. It is situated 3 km from Anandpur Sahib city. 

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary is likely to be Chandigarh Airport. Chandigarh Airport is located approximately 65-70 kilometers away from Anandpur Sahib, which is the city closest to the sanctuary.

Nearest Railway Station:

As for the nearest railway station, the Anandpur Sahib Railway Station would likely be the most convenient option. Anandpur Sahib Railway Station is situated in the city of Anandpur Sahib itself, making it the closest rail access point to the Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary.

Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary History

The Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary, located near Anandpur Sahib in the Rupnagar district of Punjab, India, has a history that centers around its establishment as a protected area for the conservation of wildlife and their habitats.

Here's a brief overview of its history:

1. Establishment and Declaration: The sanctuary was initially declared as a wildlife sanctuary on September 9, 1998, under Section 18(1) of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. This declaration was made by the Punjab Government, recognizing the ecological importance of the area and the need for its conservation.

2. Final Notification: The sanctuary's status was further solidified with a final notification issued on December 11, 2003, under Section 26A of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. This notification reaffirmed its designation as a wildlife sanctuary and provided legal protection for the flora and fauna within its boundaries.

3. Eco-Sensitive Zone Declaration: In March 2017, the Government of India issued a notification designating an eco-sensitive zone around the sanctuary. This zone is intended to provide an additional layer of protection to the sanctuary's environment and prevent potential negative impacts from surrounding development.

Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The Jhajjar Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of 116.00 hectares (289 acres). The sanctuary encompasses portions of three villages: 218 acres belong to Village Jhajjar, 55 acres to Village Bachauli, and 16 acres to Village Lamlehri. 

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary is a significant protected area in the Indian state of Punjab. It is located at the confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers. The sanctuary is known for its diverse ecosystems, including wetlands, marshes, and shallow water bodies.

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna. It serves as a crucial habitat for numerous bird species, including both resident and migratory birds. Migratory birds from different parts of the world visit the sanctuary during the winter months, making it a significant site for birdwatching and ornithological research.

The sanctuary's wetland ecosystems support a variety of aquatic vegetation, including submerged, floating, and emergent plants. These plants contribute to the overall biodiversity of the area and provide important habitat for various aquatic species.

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary Location

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary is located at the confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers in the northern Indian state of Punjab. The sanctuary spans parts of the Tarn Taran, Ferozepur and Kapurthala districts. The geographical coordinates of the sanctuary are approximately:

The sanctuary is situated near the town of Harike, which is also sometimes referred to as "Hari-ke-Pattan." It is well-known for its wetland ecosystems and its significance as a habitat for migratory and resident bird species. 

Nearest Airport:

The nearest major airport to Harike Wildlife Sanctuary is the Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport in Amritsar, Punjab. It is located at a distance of approximately 124 kilometers from the sanctuary. This airport serves both domestic and international flights.

Nearest Railway Station:

 Ferozepur Cantt Railway Station is one of the nearest railway stations to Harike Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in Ferozepur, Punjab, at a distance of around 47 kilometers from the sanctuary.

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary History

The rich history of Harike Wildlife Sanctuary is a tapestry woven with ecological transformation, cultural significance, and international conservation accolades.

1. Ancient Roots and Cultural Significance: Embedded in the region's past, Harike's confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers holds ancient cultural roots, earning the name "Hari-ke-Pattan." A place of spiritual pilgrimage, it resonates with echoes of historical reverence.

2. Establishment: Harike's landscape underwent a remarkable ecological metamorphosis, fostering wetlands, marshes, and shallow water bodies. Recognizing its ecological value, the sanctuary was officially established as a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1999. This marked the inception of dedicated conservation endeavors, focused on safeguarding the sanctuary's diverse ecosystems.

3. Ramsar Designation: Transcending national borders, Harike Wildlife Sanctuary garnered international acclaim. In a seminal recognition in 1990, the International Body of Wetlands, operating under the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), bestowed the sanctuary with the prestigious Ramsar site designation. This acknowledgement underscores Harike's stature as a vital international wetland.

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary Area

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary covers an approximate area of around 86 square kilometers (33 square miles). This area includes a diverse range of ecosystems such as wetlands, marshes, shallow water bodies, and associated terrestrial habitats. 

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary River

Harike Wildlife Sanctuary is situated at the confluence of two major rivers in Punjab, India:

(1) Beas River:

The Beas River is one of the two rivers that converge at Harike. It is a major river in North India, originating in the Himalayas and flowing through the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab before eventually joining the Sutlej River at the Harike confluence.

(2) Sutlej River:

The Sutlej River is the other river that meets the Beas River at Harike. It is another important river originating in Tibet and flowing through the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.

The confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers at Harike forms a unique wetland ecosystem that attracts a wide variety of flora and fauna, including numerous bird species, making it an important wildlife habitat and a site of ecological significance.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Punjab, India. The sanctuary is recognized for its historical significance, ecological diversity, and its role in preserving native flora and fauna. 

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Location

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Patiala district of Punjab, India. It falls within the jurisdiction of the Patiala Forest Division (Wildlife). The sanctuary is situated on the Patiala – Dakala Road, approximately 5 km from the town of Patiala. The entry to the sanctuary is from the Patiala – Dakala link road, which passes along its southern fringe.

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is Chandigarh Airport. It is located in Chandigarh, which is the capital city of both Punjab and Haryana states in India. The airport is approximately 63 kilometers (about 39 miles) away from the sanctuary.

Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest railway station to Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is Patiala Railway Station. It is located in the city of Patiala, which is around 8 kilometers (about 5 miles) from the sanctuary. You can reach the sanctuary from the Patiala Railway Station by taking a bus or a taxi.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary History

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary has a historical significance that dates back to its establishment and previous uses. Here is a brief history of the sanctuary:

1. Early Use as Hunting Reserve: Before being declared a wildlife sanctuary, Bir Moti Bagh served as a renowned hunting reserve for the kings of the Patiala state. It was a favored location for royal hunting activities.

2. Wildlife Imports: During earlier times, the Patiala Maharaja imported species such as German Wild Pig and Red Junglefowl to the sanctuary for recreational purposes. Additionally, the Spotted Deer and Black Buck were introduced to the sanctuary by the wildlife department.

3. Protected Forest and Wildlife Sanctuary: On February 28, 1952, Bir Moti Bagh was officially declared a protected forest and a wildlife sanctuary under the Preservation of Fauna of Patiala Act, 1896. This marked the formal recognition of the area's importance for wildlife conservation and protection.

4. Eco Sensitive Zone Designation: A significant milestone in the sanctuary's history occurred on March 11, 2016, when it was declared an Eco Sensitive Zone through Notification No. S.O. 1055E. This designation highlighted the importance of preserving the delicate balance between human activities and the sanctuary's ecological integrity. The recognition underscored Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary's role in promoting sustainable practices and harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The total area of Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is 654.00 hectares. 

Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

Bir Mehas Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Punjab, India. The sanctuary is home to various flora species and supports a diverse range of wildlife species.

Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary Location

The Bir Mehas Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Patiala district of Punjab, India. It falls within the jurisdiction of the Patiala Forest Division (Wildlife) and is situated in the tehsil (sub-district) of Nabha. 

Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary is the Chandigarh International Airport. It is located approximately 85-90 kilometers away from the sanctuary.

Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest railway station to Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary is Nabha Railway Station. It is located within the town of Nabha, which is close to the sanctuary. The sanctuary is about 1 km away from the Nabha Bus Stand, making it easily accessible from the town and the railway station.

Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary History

The history of Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary reflects its establishment, conservation efforts, and its role in protecting and preserving the local biodiversity. Here's a brief overview:

1. Establishment: The Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary traces its origins back to a pivotal moment in history when its establishment was formalized under the provisions of the Fauna of Patiala Act. This crucial step was marked by the issuance of Notification F.No. 150/50 dated 28.02.1952, signifying the sanctuary's inception as a protected area dedicated to the conservation and preservation of its unique wildlife and natural resources.

2. Eco-Sensitive Zone Declaration: The Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary, in addition to its role in preserving local biodiversity, has garnered further attention due to its designation as an Eco-Sensitive Zone. This significant development was formalized through the Government of India's Notification No. 350(E) Dated 06.02.2017. The declaration pertains to the recognition of an Eco-Sensitive Zone, a concept aimed at promoting conservation in the buffer areas surrounding protected wildlife habitats.

Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The total area of Bir Mehaswala Wildlife Sanctuary is approximately 123.43 hectares (about 305 acres). The sanctuary comprises only 3.43% of total protected areas of Patiala Forest Division (3600.21 hac).