Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India. Spread across an area of approximately 78 square kilometers, the sanctuary is known for its rich biodiversity and scenic beauty.
Established in 1957, the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is named after the Chandra Prabha River, which flows through the sanctuary. The sanctuary is situated near the Vindhya Mountain Range and encompasses a diverse range of habitats, including dense forests, rocky terrain, and water bodies.
The sanctuary is home to a variety of flora and fauna species. The forest cover mainly consists of dry deciduous and tropical mixed forests. As for the wildlife, the sanctuary provides habitat for several animal species. It is known for its population of leopards, which are the main predators in the area.
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Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Location
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Chandauli district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is approximately 70 kilometers away from Varanasi.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport to the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The airport is located approximately 70 kilometers away from the sanctuary. From the airport, one can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach the sanctuary.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:
As for the nearest railway station, it is the Robertsganj Railway Station (formerly known as Sonbhadra Railway Station). The station is located around 40 kilometers from the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary. From the railway station, one can hire a taxi or take a local bus to reach the sanctuary.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary History
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary has a significant historical background. The sanctuary is located in an area that holds archaeological and historical importance. Here is a brief overview of the history of the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary:
Prehistoric Era: The region surrounding the sanctuary has evidence of human habitation dating back to the prehistoric era. Archaeological excavations have unearthed stone tools, rock paintings, and artifacts indicating the presence of early human settlements.
Influence of Ancient Empires: The area encompassing the sanctuary has been under the influence of various ancient empires throughout history. The Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire, and the Mughal Empire are among the significant dynasties that ruled over this region.
Religious Significance: The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary holds religious importance for Hindus. It is believed to be the place where Lord Vishnu appeared in his Varaha (boar) avatar to rescue the Earth from the depths of the ocean. The Varaha Temple, located within the sanctuary, is a pilgrimage site visited by devotees.
Hunting Preserve: The area was designated as a hunting preserve for the rulers of Banaras in the second half of the 18th century. It served as a hunting ground for the rulers to indulge in hunting expeditions.
Establishment: The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary was established in 1957 to protect the diverse flora and fauna found in the region. The sanctuary was initially named the Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary but was later changed to Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary.
Introduction of Asiatic Lions: In 1958, Asiatic lions were introduced to the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary. The introduction aimed to establish a population of lions in the sanctuary.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Area
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary spans an approximate area of 78 square kilometers. It is a relatively compact sanctuary located in the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India. The sanctuary area is known for its diverse habitats, including dense forests, rocky terrain, and water bodies, which support a wide range of flora and fauna species.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Hills
Chandra Prabha Sanctuary lies on the Naugarh and Vijaigarh hillocks on the north slope of the Kaimur Range.
The Kaimur Range is a part of the Vindhya Mountain Range and extends across parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh in India. The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary benefits from its location within this range, as it offers diverse topography and landscapes, including hills, rocky terrain, and forests.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary River
The Karamnasha River, a tributary of the Ganges, flows through the sanctuary, as does the Chandraprabha River, a tributary of the Karamnasha.
The Karamnasha River is a tributary of the Ganges and flows through the sanctuary. It is an important watercourse in the region, contributing to the overall hydrology of the area.
Additionally, the Chandraprabha River, which is a tributary of the Karamnasha River, also passes through the sanctuary. The Chandraprabha River derives its name from the sanctuary itself and adds to the ecological significance of the area.
These rivers, along with their tributaries, not only provide water resources but also support the diverse ecosystems within the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary. They create favorable conditions for the growth of vegetation, provide habitats for various aquatic species, and add to the overall scenic beauty of the sanctuary.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Waterfall
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its picturesque waterfalls that add to its natural beauty. Here are some notable waterfalls within the sanctuary:
(1) Chandra Prabha Waterfall:
The Chandra Prabha Waterfall is the most well-known waterfall within the sanctuary. It is formed by the Chandra Prabha River and is a popular attraction for visitors. The waterfall cascades down rocky cliffs, creating a stunning sight and a refreshing ambiance.
(2) Rajdari Waterfall:
Rajdari Waterfall is another prominent waterfall in the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary. It is formed by the Karamnasha River, a tributary of the Ganges. The waterfall plunges from a considerable height, creating a majestic display of cascading water.
(3) Devdari Waterfall:
Devdari Waterfall is located near the Chandra Prabha Waterfall within the sanctuary. It is a smaller waterfall but equally enchanting, surrounded by lush greenery and rocky terrain.
(4) Naugarh Waterfall:
Naugarh waterfall is located at Chandraprabha wildlife sanctuary.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Flora
What is the flora of Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary?
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its diverse flora, comprising various plant species that contribute to the sanctuary's ecological richness. Here are some of the prominent flora found within the sanctuary:
(1) Alluvial Savanna Forest:
This plant community consists of vegetation adapted to the alluvial plains, which are formed by the deposition of sediment carried by rivers. It may include species such as Sal (Shorea robusta), Asan (Terminalia tomentosa), and Mahua (Madhuca longifolia).
(2) Southern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest:
This plant community is characterized by a mix of deciduous tree species. It is adapted to the drier climate of the southern regions and may include trees like Sal, Dhaura (Anogeissus latifolia), and Semal (Bombax ceiba).
(3) Dry Deciduous Scrub and Savanna:
This plant community comprises shrubs, small trees, and grasses that are adapted to the dry conditions. It typically includes species like Babool (Acacia nilotica), Kandi (Prosopis cineraria), and grasses such as Themeda spp.
(4) Dry Tropical Riverine Forest:
This plant community is found along the riverbanks and consists of species that thrive in the moist conditions near water bodies. It may include trees like Palash (Butea monosperma), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata), and various other riparian species.
(5) Desert Thorn Forest and Scrub:
This plant community is adapted to the arid and semi-arid conditions and is characterized by thorny trees and shrubs. It may include species such as Acacia senegal, Ziziphus spp., and Capparis decidua.
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna (Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary Animals)
What is the fauna of Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary?
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a diverse range of fauna, comprising numerous species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and more. Here are some notable fauna found within the sanctuary:
Mammals:
- Leopard
- Indian Wolf
- Sloth Bear
- Hyena
- Indian Jackal
- Chital
- Sambar Deer
- Blackbuck
- Nilgai
- Indian Wild Boar
- Indian Hare
Birds:
- Peafowl
- Indian Vulture
- Indian Roller
- Indian Pitta
- Grey-headed Fish Eagle
- White-throated Kingfisher
- Greater Coucal
- Painted Stork
- Indian Paradise Flycatcher
- Jungle Owlet
Reptiles:
- Indian Rock Python
- Indian Cobra
- Indian Monitor Lizard
- Common Indian Krait
- Indian Rat Snake
- Indian Chameleon
- Indian Skink
- Indian Garden Lizard
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions
Q. Where is Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary?/Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?/Where is Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary situated?
A. Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Chandauli district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
Q. Which river flows through Chandraprabha dam?
A. Karamnasha River and Chandraprabha River flows through Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary.
Q. Which is the oldest wildlife sanctuary in UP?
A. The oldest wildlife sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh, India, is the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary. It was established in 1957.
Q. How far is Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary from Varanasi?
A. The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located approximately 70 kilometers away from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Q. What is Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary famous for?
A. The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is famous for several notable features and attractions. Here are some of the highlights for which the sanctuary is renowned:
Scenic Beauty: The sanctuary is known for its picturesque landscapes, encompassing dense forests, rocky terrains, and water bodies. The natural beauty of the Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary attracts nature enthusiasts and offers opportunities for photography and sightseeing.
Biodiversity: The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is recognized for its rich biodiversity. It supports a diverse range of flora and fauna species, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and various plant species. Wildlife enthusiasts have the opportunity to spot wildlife species like leopards, Indian wolves, sloth bears, chital (spotted deer), and a wide variety of bird species.
Historical and Cultural Significance: The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary holds historical and cultural importance. It is believed to be the place where Lord Vishnu appeared in his Varaha (boar) avatar to rescue the Earth. The Varaha Temple, located within the sanctuary, is a pilgrimage site visited by devotees.
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